Optimizing Window Configuration Counterbalancing Energy Saving and Indoor Visual Comfort for Sydney Dwellings

Building penetrations are the most-potent elements providing daylight and moderating lighting energy consumption affecting indoor comfort consequent usage. In a semi-tropical climate with green environment such as Sydney, there is radical demand to extend windows views. This research aims optimize sunlight admission maintain while minimizing consumption. The method for investigation simulate multiobjective optimization using NSGA-II considering visual thermal along usage view of outside. A combination human machine assessments responding manual microcontroller-operated validating simulation improves generalizability. solutions were assessed local codes compliance double-checked against statistical sky conditions. Regarding north, window-to-wall ratio 10.7–20% delivers an optimum metric, yielding 12.16% decrease in use intensity. For east-facing window, altering 26.4% WWR decreases 2% provides drastic change comfort. west, changing by about 51% brings 50% saving but no other loads. south, when window length limited 39% envelope width, it study covers together outside, which has not been investigated southern hemisphere dwellings. combined field measurement assessment justifies solutions.